Does the drive belt need replacing?

The drive belt is a vital component of a vehicle, responsible for driving various parts in the engine compartment. Depending on the model, the drive belt may be connected to a range of engine accessories, such as:

Air conditioning compressor

Power steering pump (may have a separate belt)

Alternator

Radiator fan

Water pump and others

If you notice any unusual symptoms, such as air conditioning failure, the car overheating or abnormal steering, it may be a sign that the drive belt is damaged and needs replacing.

Drive belts should not be confused with timing belts; timing belts are used to synchronise the rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft. This ensures correct engine timing, hence the name. Failure of a timing belt can cause serious damage to the engine and may even require a complete overhaul.

Fortunately, a broken drive belt is unlikely to damage internal engine components, but it will still cause inconvenience to your journey. In particular, when it affects the engine cooling and power-assisted steering systems, it may pose a safety hazard whilst driving.

Have you noticed any of the above signs of a broken belt? Please read on to find out what to do next.

What is a Drive Belt?

A drive belt is a flexible loop used to connect multiple pulleys within a mechanical system. They are typically made of rubber or various flexible, durable materials capable of withstanding high tensile stresses.

Drive belts are used for continuous power transmission. They are fitted around the outer circumference of pulleys to transfer power from a camshaft or crankshaft to other systems or accessories within the system. The advantages of drive belts lie in their simple construction, ease of installation and removal, and low cost (including both purchase and maintenance costs).

They may also be referred to as wedge belts or serpentine belts.

Timing Belts 111MR20

Uses of Drive Belts

Drive belts are used to transmit power in the following industries and applications:

Air compressors

Air conditioning

Automotive

Conveyor belts

Manufacturing

Water pumps

Drive Belt Types

Joined Drive Belt

Joined belts are essentially multiple single belts joined together. This is typically achieved by applying a continuous tie band across the back of the joined belt. These belts are ideal for high-vibration applications as they are better suited to maintaining stability and reducing belt whip. They may also make installation and tensioning easier than working with lots of individual belts.

Notched Drive Belt

Notched or cogged belts are a subtype that can be added to other belt types. For instance, other belt types are also typically available in notched versions. The notches are evenly spaced and precisely shaped to ensure stress is evenly distributed. Reduced stress extends the lifespan of the belt, improving heat dissipation and improving efficiency.

Circular Belt

Circular belts are a type of cross-section belt. They are usually used when high power transmission is needed but can also be used in applications where smaller initial tension is required. They typically produce less noise and vibration than other belt types.

V Belt

A V belt is a type of trapezoidal cross-section belt with a wedge-like appearance. V belts are usually quite thick and can be either solid or have sections removed to promote cooling. They are typically used in applications where moderate speed and high power are needed. Additionally, V belts can’t change direction, unlike some alternative belt types.

Flat drive belt

A flat drive belt is a type of rectangular cross-section belt. It’s typically used where low power is required, but speed is needed. These belts transmit power using the friction produced between the belt and the pulley. They are typically quiet, efficient, and ideal for straightforward systems.

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Drive Belt Profiles

Belts are available in several industry-standard profiles. The profile is essentially the two-dimensional cross-section of the belt - its shape in a flat position when viewed from the side. The main profile types include:

Product Overview

V-belts in metric sizes are manufactured in accordance with international standards, including DIN and ISO. They are commonly used in industrial settings as replacements for belts on machinery manufactured internationally.

Narrow-profile belts

Narrow-profile V-belts have a steeper angle than conventional V-belts. This gives them greater wedging action and a higher load-carrying capacity—up to three times that of conventional V-belts of the same type.

Classic Profile

The classic profile is one of the oldest types of belt profile. Classic profile belts are available in a variety of sizes and lengths. They are commonly used to replace V-belts in older equipment.

Fractional Horsepower

V-belts suitable for low-power applications. These belts have a thinner cross-section, giving them greater flexibility.

How to Measure Drive Belts?

All V-belts should be measured along the thickness of the belt, at the thickest point. The correct method for measuring a V-belt is as follows: first measure the widest point (the thickest part) of the belt, then measure the distance from the widest point to the narrowest point.

It should also be noted that the method for measuring the length of V-belts varies slightly depending on the type or cross-section:

This also includes toothed cog-section V belts, which are denoted by an X. These cogs enable the belt to fit at tighter angles than a non-toothed belt.

Signs and Symptoms

It is best to replace the drive belt in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations; relevant information can be found in the vehicle’s service manual or owner’s handbook. Most manuals recommend replacing the drive belt approximately every 100,000 kilometres.

However, if you notice any unusual circumstances whilst driving, the drive belt may have snapped. Please note the following:

A squeaking or creaking noise coming from the front of the vehicle

Visible cracks or wear (or red rubber visible on RBK belts)

Engine overheating

Poor air conditioning performance

Noticeable wear on the pulleys or gauge

Power steering system failure

If any of the above occur, please ensure you have the cause of the problem checked as soon as possible.